23 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #differential # ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... , Acute leukemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... glycosides • High acute ... #Differential #
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
Hypokalemia ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
• Refeeding Syndrome ... • Acute Respiratory ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Hypomagnesemia ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... , Hypocalcemia, ... #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #nephrology