14 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Diagnosis - Based ... Signs and symptoms ... lesions) McDonald diagnostic ... criteria for MS ... #diagnosis #management
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Sclerosis (ALS) ... 4) progressive muscular ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... : months - Criteria ... : El Escorial criteria
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... gallop rhythm), and laterally ... of CXR congestion ... #management #cardiology
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
Handle Tear - MSK ... The "double PCL sign ... red zone of the vascular ... posterior horn lateral ... #diagnosis #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... dysfunction SPINE Mnemonic ... Differential Diagnosis ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... and signs below ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... Vascular/Blockage
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
and multiple sclerosis ... or minutes with vascular ... Central #Vertigo #diagnosis ... #findings #signs ... #symptoms #comparison
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
• Compensatory muscular ... of knee due to laterally ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... at the time of diagnosis ... e.g. incidental CXR ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Hyperreflexia develops later ... Criteria: • Sensory ... signs and/or symptoms ... suggestive of multiple sclerosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis