29 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Stork test) • XR ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
First line treatment ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
mood - Primary treatment ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
The following signs ... increased width of the vascular ... After treatment ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
• Compensatory muscular ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
SCAI Pyramid of Cardiogenic Shock Classification
E - Extremis - A patient experiencing cardiac arrest with ongoing
arrest with ongoing CPR ... currently experiencing signs ... or symptoms of ... Classification #ABCDEs #diagnosis ... #cardiology