21 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology #treatment
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Clinical Findings ... intervertebral disc disease ... gait, strength, reflexes ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
sclerosis Pathophysiology ... LMN signs in the ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
and Management ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... Pathophysiology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
clinical findings ... diffuse light reflex ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Scoliosis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings (Cobb Angle > 10 Degrees)

 • Incr Axial rotation of thoracic
clinical findings ... Restrictive Pulmonary Disease ... #Scoliosis #pathophysiology ... #msk #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
clinical findings ... rectal reflex. ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #neurology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
clinical findings ... Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #neurology #differential