14 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... of Macroscopic Hematuria ... Timing: early (distal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... #Differential #
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... Acidosis (RTA) ... Diagnosis #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential ... #RenalTubular #Acidosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... • Infection (Viral ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential ... - Hypokalemic distal ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... : Proximal and distal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... Klebsiella oxytoca • Viral ... TheIDtrivia #Hematuria ... Renal #Transplant #differential ... management #treatment #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Distal (classic) ... Generalized distal ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... (NAGMA) - Differential ... RTA): Type 1: Distal ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cotransporter in distal ... mineralocorticoid receptor Distal ... renal tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
- Metabolic acidosis ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology