29 results
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia ... and Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis #Urine ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... acidosis • Succinylcholine ... Elimination: • AKI ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... and distal RTA, ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis Causes ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
Distortions of the visual ... • CNS: parietal ... (Many causes!) ... Wonderland #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... GN: ANCA, Anti-GBM ... #nephrology #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Metabolic acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... : - CNS depression ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic ... Acidosis with Elevated ... - Differential Diagnosis ... secretion • AKI ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... acidosis: Proximal ... RTA, Distal RTA ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology