12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... : Proximal and distal ... #Differential # ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... through distal ... Creatinine • Chronic ... #Causes
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... Inhibitors - Chronic ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... consumption • Low ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... #differential #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... excretion (GFR, TTKG, distal ... flow adequate) ... #Causes
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
in >90% - Low ... 60-80% - Low ... • Evolution: Chronic ... druginduced #lupus #sle #comparison ... #table #rheumatology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Decreased distal ... Chronic kidney disease ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Differential #