12 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume ... Diuretics, osmotic (solute ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... in addition) of volume ... and hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Diagnosis and Evaluation ... Assessment of volume ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... volume Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • ... extra-renal volume ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Features According to Volume ... Status - Hypervolemic ... - Extrarenal hypovolemic ... Features #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
POCUS Echocardiogram Volume Assessment

Echo provides increased accuracy and insight into volume state assessment. This grid illustrates
POCUS Echocardiogram ... state: - A hypervolaemic ... POCUS - minimum ... Assessment #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Hypovolemic #Hypervolemic
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
kaliuresis step 1 = volume ... resuscitation if hypovolemic ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm