53 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... microscopic and ... #renal #urine #blood
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Pathologic Red Blood ... Cell (RBC) Morphologies ... cell, Other RBC ... Morphologies #Key #Atlas #Microscopy ... #Pathology #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
decreased PLT count: CBC ... plateletcount), peripheral blood ... disease), HBsAg/anti-HBc ... or if a primary hematologic ... #Workup #hematology
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood ... multiples per RBC ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases ... peripheral #clinical #microscopy
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... hemolysis) • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... RBC) Morphology ... disease, McLeod blood ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #microscopy #atlas
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Normal Blood ... Cells, Normal WBCs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine microscopy ... Dysmorphic RBCs and/or RBC ... with polyangiitis/microscopic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Septic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Notes:
- Septic Arthritis is typically monoarticular & the knee is involved
involved in >50% of cases ... - decr blood flow ... clarity, >50000 WBC ... S.A. can also be caused ... SepticArthritis #pathophysiology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Diagnosis Algorithm Blood ... RBCs Decreased RBC ... Disorder • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology