12 results
Urine Microscopy Instructions
1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Instructions 1) ... tube 3) Place one drop ... under lower power (casts ... #Microscopy #Instructions ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy Instructions - How to spin urine

1. Collect a fresh urine sample (5 – 10
Instructions - ... the better, as casts ... pipette to place one drop ... coverslip over the drop ... #Instructions #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Causes of Apparent ... Myocarditis Metabolic ... Disturbances Neurologic ... • Empyema • Urinary ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal causes ... • Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... anywhere in the urinary ... also be seen if urine ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... albumin: For every drop ... Loss (Negative urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
- Urinary Sediment ... Examination Instructions ... tube • Add one drop ... #Microscopy #Urinary ... #Examination #Instructions
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... volume contracted: urine ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology