21 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... history of cancer, HIV ... (e.g., fever, myalgia ... CNS infection (e.g ... #Algorithm #neurology
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
• Vascular (e.g ... (e.g., seizures ... loss, cancer, HIV ... Secondary #Comparison #Neurology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Migraine without Aura
Diagnostic Criteria (ICHD-3):
A) At least 5 attacks fulfilling criteria B-D:
B) Headache attacks lasting 4-72
without Aura Diagnostic ... physical activity (eg ... following: • Nausea ... another ICHD-3 diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Presentation - Young ... Radiographic findings (eg ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual ... #management #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache ... autoantibodies that will cause ... permeability Diagnosis ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
brainstem syndromes (e.g ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... carbon monoxide (eg ... living conditions (eg ... vascular diseases (eg ... #redflags #signs
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis ... ophthalmoplegia), systemic signs ... CNS inflammatory cause ... ) • EMG/NCS (rare ... Management #Treatment #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Enteroviruses (e.g ... Symptoms: • Headache ... Meningitis: • Headache ... Acute meningeal signs ... #neurology #meningitis