14 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... . lupus, CLL, lymphoma ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... deficiencies (e.g ... Membrane defects (e.g
Hydroxychloroquine Serum Measurement in SLE
 • Terminal elimination half-life = 40 days ([HCQI reflects long-term intake)
• Special cases ... (e.g. renal failure ... Measurement #SLE #rheumatology ... #pharmacology # ... levels #lupus #management
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
• Cushing's Syndrome ... agonists • Others Critical ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... (e.g. oculomotor ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... disorders (Systemic lupus
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
disease • Systemic lupus ... underlying disease (eg ... SJIA], systemic lupus ... • Infection (eg ... #Rheumatology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... • Malignancy (e.g ... Endocrine disorders (e.g ... Clinical Features
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... : • Clinical triad ... tissue disorder (e.g ... . systemic lupus ... classification #rheumatology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
renal failure Clinical ... of diagnosis (e.g ... skin (16-32%): lupus ... Specific sarcoidosis syndromes ... • Heerfordt syndrome