52 results
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
• Increased renal ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... release • ↓ Cl ... • Increased CVP ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... High Uric Acid → renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
believed that urine sodium ... FENa) could help differentiate ... between pre-renal ... and intrinsic renal ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... perspiration Renal ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Stroke Evaluation and Management Algorithm

Clinical suspicion of stroke (BE FAST)
 • Balance loss
 • Eyes: vision
Evaluation and Management ... Klaas #Stroke #Management ... Algorithm #diagnosis #differential ... #neurology #CVA
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm and Management
Hemorrhagic:
 • Intracerebral: HTN, Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Trauma, Bleeding Diathesis,
Stroke - Differential ... Algorithm and Management ... SCVMCMed #Stroke #CVA ... #Differential # ... #neurology #treatment
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
90 minutes) • Sodium ... (if preserved renal ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology