33 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... of hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... #workup #nephrology
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... Cyanotic heart defect ... #Cyanosis #Differential ... Central #Cardiology #Causes ... #Table #Comparison
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Effects of Strokes ... - MCA - ACA ... Basilar Artery #Strokes ... #Localization #Effects ... #Table #Territories
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Genetic defects ... Eric Strong https ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
15 g QD • Side Effects ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... Other: Mannitol Defect ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Eric Strong https ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Aldosterone) - ACE ... Eric Strong https ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes