12 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal tubular acidosis ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... with renal tubal acidosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Classification of ... or mutation in genes ... coding for bile ... #Jaundice #Classification ... #differential #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
equate that an elevated ... Causes of elevated ... the offending agent ... - Compartment syndrome ... #typea #typeb #classification
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... sedation • During ... = dilated BV = raises ... Hemorrhage #ICH #elevated ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... An elevated white ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
- Infectious Agents ... response, IgA levels elevated ... periumbilical region), nausea ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... Other triggering events ... Puncture: - Elevated ... the underlying pathophysiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... noncardioselective agents ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... High #Potassium #Classification
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
fever (FMF) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... : The exact cause ... Inflammatory markers are elevated ... It causes the absolute ... known pathogenic cause