19 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... deficit - Salt-losing ... #Differential #
Phosphate binders - quick reference chart of maximum daily dose. Most patients with CKD will require
phosphate binding agents ... restricted due to hypercalcemia ... Only* #CKD #Nephrology ... Hyperphosphatemia #Dose #Dosing
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... Avoid vasodilating agents ... sedation • During ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology ... #neurology #neurosurgery
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... recessive salt-losing ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia ... Cancer #Oncology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... antihypertensive agents ... heart failure, neurologic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Neurologic disorders