19 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myopathy (Also caused ... #Systemic #Lupus ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... hair follicles -> causes ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Type III Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Small antigen-antibody complexes (produced from normal immune response to
(produced from normal ... self-antigens are the cause ... : • Systemic Lupus ... antigens are the cause ... Allergy #Immunology #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... to be falsely normal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Idiopathic • Normal
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
retinal layers -> Dot ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... dot/blot hemorrhages ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Headaches • Nausea ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Pathogenesis and Complications ... Release of purine bases ... Accumulation of abnormally ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... #Complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology