33 results
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
is thought to cause ... the Positive Symptoms ... is thought to cause ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... C deficiency, anticoagulation ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
dot/blot hemorrhages ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
regardless of symptoms ... Diagnosis: Quantitative ... inclusions or positive ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... Cardiovascular risk, DVT
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Hashitoxicosis

‘Leakage’ symptoms of active Hashimoto’s disease

- Hashitoxicosis (Htx) can occur during the initial hyperthyroid stage in
Hashitoxicosis ‘Leakage’ symptoms ... thyroiditis that causes ... ‘Leakage’ symptoms ... Hashitoxicosis #Hashimotos #Endocrinology ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology