10 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretic effect has ... after fasting #Metabolic ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
2), Diagnosis based ... • Nephritic syndrome ... • Bilateral RAS ... Metabolic Causes ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
benefits such as ... see above), no metabolic ... Magnesium based ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... White-coat syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... , oral cavity) Caused ... Neuropsychological: lethargy ... polyuria in the case ... alkalosis (Due
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table