55 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... anemia (sometimes ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... malignancy, autoimmune disease ... anemia (TTP, HUS ... #Anemia #Differential
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
to Anemia - Differential ... Sideroblastic anemia ... ACD, Aplastic anemia ... Folate deficiency, B12 ... MatthewHoMD #Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... Iron deficiency anemia ... chronic kidney disease ... - Vitamin B12 ... Probable bone marrow disorder
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... cold agglutin disease ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Myelodysplasia #Anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider RBC membrane disorder ... #Anemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... - Coagulation disorder ... paraesthesiae • Folate - Anaemia ... - Anaemia, neurological
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... • Pernicious Anemia ... #Macrocytic #Anemia
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... Deficiency • B12 ... Deficiency • Aplastic Anemia ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Non-lmmune #Anemia