55 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... - Coagulation disorder ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... • Dietary Deficiency ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential ... • B12/Folate ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... • RBC Membrane Disorder ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... - Differential ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency • ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
- Differential ... malignancies • Anemia ... specifically: iron deficiency ... Chronic inflammatory disorders ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... and Sjögren's syndrome ... low #cobalamin #differential
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Subdural Hematoma • B12 ... deficiency • ... Paraneoplastic disorder ... CognitiveImpairment #Dementia #Neurology ... #Differential #
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... G6PD deficiency) ... #differential #
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Nail Disorders secondary ... Spoon-shaped • Iron deficiency ... anemia Onycholysis ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #dermatology #Differential