23 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... • Thiamine B1 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Acute Thiamine (B1 ... ) Deficiency Clinical ... Encephalopathy #Thiamine #B1 ... #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute B1 ... treatment can improve symptoms ... syndrome (chronic B1 ... Encephalopathy #B1 ... #neurology #nutrition
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
thiamine (vitamin B1 ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #comparison #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Transcellular ... Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... restricted diet/deficiency ... symptoms even if ... #diagnosis #management
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... to manifest its symptoms ... , alcohol use, symptoms ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome Clinical ... • Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine deficiency ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #neurology ... #diagnosis
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Affecting ... Subdural Hematoma • B12 ... deficiency • ... CognitiveImpairment #Dementia #Neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... ) • Temporal arteritis ... #Algorithm #neurology