18 results
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
thiamine (vitamin B1 ... ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Acute Thiamine (B1 ... ) Deficiency Clinical ... dysfunction and gait ... Encephalopathy #Thiamine #B1 ... #criteria #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute B1 ... dysfunction (e.g. gait ... (chronic B1 deficiency ... Encephalopathy #B1 ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... • Thiamine B1 ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential #
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... maltase deficiency ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Receptor (sTfR) to differentiate ... ACD • Monitor & ... restricted diet/deficiency ... /other causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Renal failure (uremia ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Out Secondary Causes ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper deficiency ... blood count with differential