22 results
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... - Low Serum B12 ... • Pernicious Anemia ... #Macrocytic #Anemia
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Low ... Poisoning • Anemia ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... (>100 fL) • B12
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... Approach - MCV) Low ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... #differential #
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... fast - Too slow ... - Asthma - COPD ... Hematology: - Anemia ... Additional: - Acidosis
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... Worsening macrocytic anemia ... wt loss • If anemia ... - CBC, PBS - anemia
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
Causes of Anemia ... PRODUCTION • Vitamin B12 ... syndrome, Spur cell anemia ... Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... Kumfer @AnnKumfer #Anemia
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... ) - Waddling gait ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
Inhibited Pathway caused ... of the spinal cord ... deficiency. ... The classic clinical ... of pernicious anemia
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... Clinical Presentation ... and petechiae Causes ... may result from low