27 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #nephrology #potassium
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
, Pyroglutamic acid ... Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... Acid loads (ammonium ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Steps for Blood Gas ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... #nephrology #low
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... - Calcium as ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... d-Penicillamine, ascorbic acid ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
TLS: • Uric acid ... 8.0 mg/dL • Potassium ... Calcium ≤ 7.0 mg/dL Clinical ... Intravenous fluids • Renal ... TLS #diagnosis #management
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... patient presented to clinic ... fasciculus), which causes ... The most common causes ... ophthalmology #neurology