19 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... sometimes advanced treatment ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
sometimes advanced treatment ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... Treatments may include ... #Management #Cardiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
American College of Cardiology ... With treatment, ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #CHF #Congestive ... #Stages #Classes
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... pulmonary disease or CHF ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause ... #management #cardiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... endpoint of all-cause ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
TOPCAT - Spironolactone for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1383-1392 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1313731

CONCLUSIONS:
ejection fraction, treatment ... cardiovascular causes ... Spironolactone #HFpEF #dCHF ... #Cardiology #EBM
Quincke's Pulse in a patient with a normal echocardiogram (non-valvular)

A 70 y/o man presents with new
confirm high-output HF ... Workup for cause ... Patient drinks ~2 glasses ... EtOH causes thiamine ... Fingernails #Nailbed #Cardiology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... The most common causes ... - Many other causes ... Causes of elevated ... Causes of Lactate
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... 3 questions to work ... the underlying cause ... include vaptans (HF
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... • 75-90% of cases ... Abnormal in 50% of cases ... • Infectious causes ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment