48 results
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
and Bloating - Treatment ... Intolerance • Celiac Disease ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Treatment ... #gastroenterology
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... and Sjögren's syndrome ... , coeliac disease
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... artery compression syndrome ... #Diagnosis #gastroenterology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
kidney disease, ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Alcohol use, Liver disease ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
Causes of Biliary ... cyst, Caroli's disease ... sludge), Mirizzi's syndrome ... Inflammatory: Chronic ... diagnosis #hepatology #gastroenterology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
• Cushing's Disease ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... Disease • GI ... Chronic UTI) • ... endocrinology #causes
Behcet's Syndrome - Treatment
Ulcers:
 • Treatment: Topical steroids
 • Prevention: Colchicine
 • Azathioprine for refractory disease
Arthritis:
Behcet's Syndrome ... - Treatment Ulcers ... : • Treatment: ... #Syndrome #Treatment ... #management #pharmacology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... Fatigue Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... Contraindications: • Chronic ... kidney disease: ... • Severe liver disease ... titration • B12
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... Kidney stones caused ... • Liddle syndrome ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology