13 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Leukemia, Tumour ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
minimal tumor burden Diagnosis ... 5) Symptoms of anemia ... marrow failure with anemia ... #oncology #hematology ... #hemeonc #diagnosis
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
and petechiae Causes ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
phenomenon CLL Diagnosis ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Leukemias Overview ... -> AML: Blast crises ... - infiltrates (anemia ... #Hematology #Oncology ... #Diagnosis
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... consider other diagnosis ... e.g. leukemia ... Cobalamin #Deficiency #diagnosis
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... • Hairy Cell Leukemia ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #hematology #oncology
Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure:
 • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery
 • More
nutrients • TPN for treatment ... Gastric bypass causes ... Alcohol misuse and addiction ... and Hepatology ... #diagnosis #differential