23 results
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
(Morphological Approach ... chronic kidney disease ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach ... inflammation) • Iron deficiency ... , B12 deficiency ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach ... Reticulocytes, MCV ... • B12/Folate ... of Chronic Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Hematology #Oncology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Cancer: • Leukemia ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Leukemia, Tumour ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... ITP • SLE • CLL ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Corpuscular Volume (MCV ... • Dietary Deficiency ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... and Folate Deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... diagnosis #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
, GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... Allogeneic stem cell ... #hematology #oncology