188 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age 70 years Symptoms ... just beneath the skin ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... blood count with differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... deficiency: • B12 ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... Diagnostic Algorithm ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... Underproduction #Algorithm #hematology ... #diagnosis #differential
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Leukocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Features of hematologic malignancy:
 • Symptoms: B-symptoms, bruising/bleeding, fatigue/weakness, immunosuppression
Leukocytosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... malignancy: • Symptoms ... : B-symptoms, bruising ... hepatomegaly • Labs: anemia
Generalized Hyperpigmentation Differentials
Use the Mnemonic "no skin SPARED"

Images from dermnet.nz and merckmanuals

Mnemonic from https://www.medscape.com/slideshow/dermatology-mnemonics-6011359#5 #diagnosis #differential
the Mnemonic "no skin ... -6011359#5 #diagnosis ... #differential # ... symptoms #signs ... #dermatology #skin
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Diagnosis Congenital ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... crisis • Severe B12 ... macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... " • HELLP syndrome ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Causes #Hematology