56 results
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... syndrome (ST-HUS ... crisis • Severe B12 ... anemia" • HELLP ... #diagnosis #hematology
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... , Autoimmune disorder ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #Anemia #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
- Coagulation disorder ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential ... -100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Folate deficiency, B12 ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... Probable bone marrow disorder ... Underproduction #Algorithm #hematology ... #diagnosis #differential
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #elevatedMCV #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... of anemia include ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology