144 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
sick sinus, AV block ... Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
, Hypokalemia, Erectile ... diltiazem) - AV block ... statins, digoxin) Beta ... , AV block (grade ... Depression, AV block
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
: • MOA: Block ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... : • MOA: Block ... : • MOA: Block ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... renin: NSAIDs, Beta ... blockers, Cyclosporine ... Drospirenone #Drugs #hyperkalemia ... #medications #causes
Beta Blocker Side Effects / Toxicity
Cardiac Side Effects:
 • Sinus bradycardia, AV block, Heart failure exacerbation,
Beta Blocker Side ... bradycardia, AV block ... exacerbation, Beta ... blocker withdrawal ... Facilitation of hyperkalemia
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #causes
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
surgery • Heart block ... Medications: • Beta ... channel blockers ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
: • MOA: Block ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... : • MOA: Block ... : • MOA: Block ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #causes #potassium
Summary of Heart Blocks
1st Degree Heart Block:
 • Prolonged PR >200ms (5 small squares).
 • Narrow
Summary of Heart Blocks ... 1st Degree Heart Block ... Mobitz I Heart Block ... • Block in AV ... HeartBlocks #Types #Classification