10 results
Antiarrhythmic Medications - Vaughan Williams Classification - Summary Table
Class I agents - Sodium Channel Blockers⠀
Class II
- Summary Table ... are beta blockers ... - Potassium Channel ... Blockers Class ... #Summary #Table
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... cell membrane - Beta ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aldosterone • ENaC blockers ... nephropathy • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... cell membrane - Beta ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Resistance • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Beta-Adrenergic ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium ... #Classification ... #Causes
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... correcting serum potassium ... angiotensin receptor blockers ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology