12 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... = funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
unusual bruising or bleeding ... by bleeding (petechiae ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... and petechiae Causes ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... Lysis of tumor cells ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Release from blast cells ... Imaging: CXR- pulmonary ... #oncology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Simultaneous clotting and bleeding ... Treat underlying cause ... interventional radiology ... “big & sticky” cells ... renal failure, pulmonary
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Physical Exam/Signs ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... diagnosis #workup #oncology ... #hematology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of poor perfusion ... Signs of congestion ... with presence of pulmonary ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Disease: • 10%-15% Pulmonary ... , INC risk PE, Pulmonary ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment ... #Rheumatology #