8 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Metabolic acidosis ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #VBG #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute ... • Hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
• Spontaneous bleeding ... of breath • Neurologic ... venous pressure) METABOLIC ... Hyperuricemia • Acute ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... type 1-4, Lowe ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
Epilepticus in Adults METABOLIC ... hyperglycemia Hyponatremia ... Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES ... Epilepticus #Seizures #Differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology