67 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... 100 mOsm/kg) • Primary ... Relief of prolonged urinary ... #Polyuria #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... LiCl use The urine ... Urine chloride is ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Non-glomerular bleeding ... also be seen if urine ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... Polyuria = >3L Urine ... Diabetes Insipidus • Primary ... Polydipsia #Polyuria #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... pH Calculate Urinary ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology