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Causes of Small Bowel Bleeding - Differential Diagnosis
Common Causes:
 • Under age 40 years: Inflammatory Bowel
rubber bleb nevus syndrome ... Plummer-Vinson syndrome ... Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ... , Inherited syndromes ... Diagnosis #Causes #gastroenterology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... Medications 7. ... Malabsorption syndromes ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... renal Mg wasting syndromes ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
and Bloating - Treatment ... Gastroparesis • Chronic ... Diverticulosis • Chronic ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... #gastroenterology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Malnutrition due to chronic ... Epilepsy • Fanconi syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Refeeding #Syndrome
Medications associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome

First-generation and second-generation antipsychotics are dopamine receptor antagonists, which produce a
Medications associated ... neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... after years of treatment ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... NeurolepticMalignant #Syndrome
Indications for ERCP
1. Biliary Tract Diseases:
 • Biliary obstruction: Choledocholithiasis, Malignant biliary strictures, Benign biliary strictures
Indications for ... postoperative, chronic ... pancreatitis), SOD, Sump syndrome ... pancreatitis (treatment ... #management #gastroenterology
Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Eosinophilia
Infection:
 • Helminthic: Loffler syndrome (Ascaris, hookworm, Strongyloides), Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (lymphatic
Differential Diagnosis ... Helminthic: Loffler syndrome ... (ABPA, ABPM) Medications ... Idiopathic: Acute chronic ... Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
21 • Noonan Syndrome ... • Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Russell-Silver Syndrome ... • Turner Syndrome ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... disease • Liddle syndrome ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment