8 results
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemopericardium)- Differential ... Secondary to invasive cardiac ... NONIATROGENIC • Malignancy ... metastatic spread: lung ... patients with pulmonary
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cardiac: • Dysrhythmia ... • Interstitial lung ... Pleura: • Pleural effusion
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia
 • (UIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
Disease - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Failure - Impaired cardiac ... Atypical” Pneumonia Malignancy ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural Effusion ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... Noninfectious: • Malignancy
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... ) D D-lactate ... - Rapid saline infusion ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... or restrictive lung
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... drugs, seizures, malignancy ... - Cardiac arrest ... failure - Low cardiac ... output - Acute pulmonary
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Prosthetic valves Lung ... Legionnaires disease • Pulmonary ... Pneumonia • Other lung ... thrombosis Cardiac ... carbon monoxide) Malignancy
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
stairs, brisk 4 mph ... murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... exam Determine Cardiac ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... unless prior heart/lung