104 results
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... membrane, Alport syndrome ... or other tumor, Calculi ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... Schistomiasis, Malignancy, Calculi
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... the patient has hematuria ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... have glomerular hematuria ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... blood cells on urine ... Tubulolnterstitial • Calculi ... • BPH • Calculi ... ) - Isolated Hematuria
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... disease - Alport syndrome ... syndrome: • ... • Nutcracker syndrome
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
of Macroscopic Hematuria ... Painful: suggests calculi ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
• Drummond's syndrome ... (blue diaper syndrome ... Bag Syndrome - ... : • Hematuria, ... : • Hematuria,
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... apatite plaque, Low urine ... duct plaque, Low urine ... phosphate: alkaline urine ... heart failure #Calculi
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... Algorithm • Confirm hematuria ... WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Abnormally Colored Urine ... Framework Red: - Hematuria ... Purple: - Purple urine ... bag syndrome (chronically ... AnnKumfer #Colored #Urine