6983 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Epithelial cells ... Renal tubular cells ... casts - Diagnostic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
occur Red blood cell ... +++ Red blood cell ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Tubule Epithelial Cells ... number of principal cell ... alpha-Intercalated cell ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
- Differential Diagnosis ... Redistribution/ Shift into cells ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Inflammation • Reactive cell ... differential #spectrum #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephritic
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
magnesium into cells ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
disease Red blood cell ... White blood cell ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
the differential diagnosis ... .2>5 red blood cells ... acanthocytes or red cell ... /white cell casts ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... uropathy • Sickle-cell ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Nephropathy
 • Cortical Manifestations
    - Main issue: Hemolysis-associated endothelial
Sickle Cell Disease ... #Nephropathy #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology