40 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–independent Renal ... failure, acute ... or chronic* Neoplasms ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal ... failure Hypervolemia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Unilateral / Asymmetric Lower Extremity Swelling - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Acute:
 • DVT *Can't Miss Diagnosis
 •
Framework Acute ... Insufficiency, ... Knee Problems Chronic ... : • Venous Disease ... Regional Pain Syndrome
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... excretion • Acute ... • Chronic renal ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute ... and chronic) Causes ... (with renal insufficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Adrenal Insufficiency ... Metabolic • Renal ... Liver Failure • Hypercalcemia ... Fatigue Syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... insufficiency/Failure ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Refeeding Syndrome ... • Acute Respiratory ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... Increased Excretion - Renal
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and ... chronic kidney disease ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal