15 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... insufficiency) ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... #Nephrology #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... - Adrenal insufficiency ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Intrauterine Growth Restriction / Small for Gestational Age - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Fetal Factors:
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... insufficiency ... Pre-eclampsia • Renal ... anemia • High ... GrowthRestriction #Pregnancy
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Renal insufficiency ... - Diarrhea - High ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
Chronic Hypertension ... during pregnancy ... severe RUQ pain, renal ... insufficiency ( ... so have high clinical
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
diuresis can be high ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology