22 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... lysissyndrome - Massive Hemolysis ... Rhabdomyolysis Medications ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... venipuncture • Hemolysis ... cell lysis: - Hemolysis ... Medications 2. ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... venipuncture • Hemolysis ... cell lysis: - Hemolysis ... Medications 2. ... #differential #
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... in kidneys) - Medications ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... to moderate); hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia; hypokalemia ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Drugs Implicated in Hemolytic Anemia
 • Hapten (Drug binding to RBC membrane): Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Tetracycline, Tolbutamide,
Implicated in Hemolytic ... Bloodman #Drugs #medications ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pharmacology ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Glaucoma - Emergency Department Management
- All patients should get emergency ophthalmologic consultation
- Start with eye drops
eye drops (see table ... and add systemic medications ... is < 40 mmHg #Pharmacology ... Glaucoma #Open #Closed ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... Crush injury, Hemolysis ... #Differential #