35 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
transporter Bartter syndrome ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... release • ↓ Cl ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
Degeneration of the ACL ... • The anterior cruciate ... Differential Diagnosis ... cyst (cruciate ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Feeling a "pop"
 • Acute
Isolated Anterior Cruciate ... Ligament (ACL) ... AnteriorCruciateLigament #ACL ... #Injury #MSK #Sports ... #pathophysiology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
• Low Urine Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology