37 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... ABG And BMP Normal ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Peripheral Weakness with Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radiculopathy:
 • Disc
 • Spondylosis
 •
Causes of Peripheral ... Sensory Changes - Differential ... Weakness #Sensory #Neurology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... disease • Diabetes ... #Syncope #Differential ... #Table #Causes
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... Anemia Intrinsic Causes ... ABO incompatibility ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Differential ... #classification
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... systemic process leg. diabetes ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Causes