3408 results
Broncholithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Also known as: Lung stones, pulmoliths, pneumoliths, bronchial calculi
 •
into the aorta or pulmonary ... Broncholithiasis - Infectious Causes ... Immitis • Cryptococcus ... Noninfectious Causes ... : • Pulmonary
Soil Related Infections - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Mechanism Of Infection:
 • Wound
 • GI: Ingestion, MUD, Contaminated
endemic fungi cause ... primary pulmonary ... Species - Invasive pulmonary ... Coccidioides • Pulmonary ... • Mycetoma • Cryptococcus
Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI)

Invasive fungal infections are severe infections in which fungal pathogens invade normally sterile
(most frequent cause ... species (primarily pulmonary ... infections) Cryptococcus ... galactomannan, cryptococcal
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Clindamycin in case ... Dermatitidis - Cryptococcus ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary ... #differential #causes
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
pneumonia (PJP), MAI, Cryptococcal ... nodules, plaques) Cryptococcus ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
positive in 90% of IE cases ... Aspergillus • Cryptococcus ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... detection for cryptococcal ... mucopolysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... cell walls of Cyptococcus
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
positive in 90% of IE cases ... Aspergillus • Cryptococcus ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Septic emboli cause ... Treat underlying cause
Causes of Culture Negative Abscess - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Consider prior antibiotics as a cause of a
Causes of Culture ... antibiotics as a cause ... : Aspergillus, Cryptococcus ... nocardia - Fungal: Cryptococcus ... Coccidiomycosis, Cryptococcus
Initiation of ART in HIV patients with Opportunistic Infections
 • Pulmonary TB and CD4 cell count
Infections • Pulmonary ... count <50 • Pulmonary ... regardless of CD4 • Cryptococcal