9 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Stones Acute Managment ... • Try retrieve stone ... Stent: < 2 cm stone ... URS: Ureteric stone ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
is desirable, e.g ... X-rays useful tor stone ... obstruction - Able ... Combines calcific stone ... Calculi #Renal #Kidney
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... require urgent nephrology ... evaluation? ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... and chronic kidney ... colored compounds (e.g ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... stones caused by ... patients with acutely ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Approach (when evaluation ... An acute rise or ... with previously stable ... disturbance, or acute ... kidney injury).
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
important to recognize Acute ... are excellent at evaluating ... forward flow to the kidneys ... the determined cause ... cardiology #treatment #table
Emergency Evacuation  - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Anaesthetised or sedated patient requires unplanned transfer because
Emergency Evacuation ... environmental hazard (e.g ... . flood, fire, smoke ... Transfer on operating table ... Consider taking stocks