11 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis (causes ... #Kidney #Injury ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... , Medications Intra-Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... there a dialysis indication ... require urgent nephrology ... evaluation?
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
tubular injury ... horsfall protein indicating ... acute tubular injury ... indicate metabolic disorders ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Approach (when evaluation ... kidney injury). ... with electrolyte disorders ... Neurologic disorders ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
• Congenital disorders ... Heart block Medications ... Chagas disease • Acute ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #cardiology #BRADI
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Kidney stones caused ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
The Neurological Evaluation ... • Locked-in syndrome ... Awareness • Injury ... normal in sleep; indicators ... Casey Albin MD @