1383 results
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
: • Excessive hydration ... close to 1.035: • Dehydration ... • SIADH (syndrome
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... heart failure - Dehydration ... Postmyocardiotomy syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... Glucosuria → Polyuria → Dehydration
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... PRBC transfusion, Dehydration ... rasburicase Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... #Tumor #Lysis #Syndrome
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
sunlight) Orange: - Dehydration ... Purple urine bag syndrome
Short Bowel Syndrome - Acute and Chronic Adverse Signs and Symptoms of Ileal Resection
 • Dehydration
Short Bowel Syndrome ... Resection • Dehydration ... #ShortBowel #Syndrome
Factors Affecting Prealbumin

Increased by: 

Exogenous corticosteroids, 
NSAIDs, 
Renal failure, 
Dehydration, 

Decreased by: 

Acute phase response, 
Malnutrition,
Renal failure, Dehydration ... Hemodilution, Nephrotic syndrome
Side Effects of the Neobladder - Pathophysiology
 • Hercalciuria → Kidney Stones
 • Bone Resorption →
• Salt Loss Syndrome ... Fluid Shifts → Dehydration
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Abdominal compartment syndrome ... Spacing, Extreme Dehydration