82 results
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... gas - Cyanotic heart ... Central #Cardiology #Causes ... #Table #Comparison
Underlying causes of PEA arrest: H’s and T’s 

Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen Ion (acidosis), Hypo/Hyper-kalemia, Hypothermia
Toxins, Tamponade,
Underlying causes ... Pneumothorax, Thrombosis (heart ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Traditionally, congestive heart ... by the New York Heart ... with end-stage heart ... sometimes advanced treatment ... flare ups that cause
Back to the "10 Need to Know" series - Drug Therapeutic Target Levels. 

For lithium, target
vary depending on treatment ... for digoxin in heart ... Pharmacology #Diagnosis #Table
TOPCAT - Spironolactone for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1383-1392 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1313731

CONCLUSIONS:
Spironolactone for Heart ... patients with heart ... ejection fraction, treatment ... cardiovascular causes ... management of heart
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
with end-stage heart ... sometimes advanced treatment ... flare ups that cause ... Treatments may include ... considered for heart
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
production • Treatment ... rapidly fatal • Causes ... Ecstasy, atropine; Heat ... Identify underlying cause ... for evaporative heat
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Deficiency in Heart ... Pathophysiology: Chronic heart ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... endpoint of all-cause
Hordeolum vs Chalazion

Hordeolum (Stye):
 • Location: Most commonly found at or near an eyelash follicle
 •
eyelash follicle • Cause ... , swelling • Treatment ... upper lid • Cause ... painless lump • Treatment ... Chalazion #Comparison #Table
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
or structural heart ... frequently benign causes ... life-threatening causes ... The treatment strategy ... depends on the cause